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Comparison of F₁'s and Inbreds as Female Parents for Sorghum-Sudangrass Seed Production¹

Two field studies involving different groups of germplasm were conducted to compare sorghum-sudangrass, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench x S. sudanense (Piper) Stapf, hybrid seed production of male-sterile F₁'s with their component A-lines. The F₁'s yielded 45 and 82% more grain than their A-line counterparts in Study 1 and 2, respectively, with the increase attributable to more seeds per panicle and a greater threshing percentage. Mean values of nine traits measured on nine groups of eight F₁'s in Study 1 and seven groups of six F₁'s in Study 2 were compared with their respective A-lines. All groups of F₁'s significantly outyielded their A-line counterparts in both studies except for A-line N35 in Study 1. Phenotypic correlations of yield and seeds per panicle were high in both A-lines and F₁'s in both studies, as were the correlations of yield and threshing percentagexcept for the F₁'s in Study 1. Application of these findings should facilitate the production of higher yields of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid seed at reduced cost per unit of seed. The best F₁'s to use and the magnitude of their superiority over A-lines will be influenced by the location in which seed is produced.

Key Words: Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench • Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf • Single-cross hybrids • Three-way hybrids

² Supervisory research geneticist, USDA-ARS; research technologist in agronomy; George Holmes professor of agronomy; and research geneticist, USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583, respectively.

Received for publication February 29, 1984.