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Chromosomal Location of Genes Controlling Oleic and Linoleic Acid Composition in the Germ Oil of Two Maize Inbreds¹

One to three genes controlling changes in oleic and linoleic acid of maize, Zea mays L., germ oil by 10% or more have been reported. Two dent inbreds (GE82, 54% oleic and 30% linoleic, and X-187, 23% oleic and 62% linoleic) were tested using the waxy gene marked reciprocal translocation technique to identify chromosome arms with gene(s) having major effect on the two 18 carbon fatty acids. The inbreds were each crossed with 16 translocation lines and one inversion, all of medium fatty acid composition. The interchanges were evaluated as testcrosses to a waxy tester stock with similar fatty acid composition. Testcrosses demonstrating significant chi square deviations indicating an association of the waxy gene marker and fatty acid composition were also tested as F₂ segregates for reinforcement of testcross results. The data did not consistently support a close inverse relationship between oleic and linoleic acid composition in germ oil, but did indicate the existence of a gene(s) on the long arm of Chromosome 5 that influenced germ oil composition for o|eic and linoleic acids of inbred GE82. Both testcross and F₂ data suggest the presence in inbred X-187 of a recessive gene on the long arm of Chromosome 4 controlling high linoleic acid. It could be the same one reported previously. The short arm of Chromosome 1 of both test inbreds was involved in controlling linoleic acid, but the absence of F₂ data prevented corroboration. Further testing is needed to identify specific locations of the genes on chromosome arms.

Key Words: Corn oil • Fatty acid composition • Reciprocal translocations • Zea mays L.

² Resarch geneticist, Southern Grain Insects Res. Lab., USDA-ARS Tifton GA 31793-0748 and professor of agronomy, Georgia Agric. Exp. Stn., Experiment GA 30212.

Received for publication January 16, 1983.

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