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Random Intermating Before Selection in Spring Wheat¹

Random intermating before selection for quantitative traits in self-pollinated crops has been proposed to increase genetic recombination. Three populations of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from adapted single crosses were intermated (I) three cycles (I₂ to I₄). Thirty random lines from each cycle and from two samples of the base single cross (I₀ and I₁ for each population were analyzed as three separate line experiments. Bulks were composited with 75 lines from each I level for each population and included with the parents in an additional test. Correlations between traits suggested that certain shifts over I levels may have occurred. The I₃ mean for grain yield based on percent of check cultivars exceeded the other I levels in one population and plant height and lodging decreased in all populations for the I₃ and I₄. However, the highest yielding lines from advanced intermating cycles were only similar in yield to the best lines derived from the single crosses in all populations. Comparisons of individual elite lines did not indicate multiple trait improvement, and outlier frequency for yield components did not generally change over levels of intermating. Few unidirectional changes in genetic variance estimates occurred, and no trends over I levels were detected. Hence, we conclude that random intermating within single cross populations resulted in insufficient useful recombination to justify its use as a primary breeding procedure prior to selection.

Key Words: Triticum aestivum L. • Intercrossing • Breeding Methodology • Correlated responses • Genetic linkage • Recombination

² Former graduate research assistant (now research geneticist, USDA-ARS, Cotton and Grain Crops Genetic Res. Unit, College Station, TX 77841) and research geneticist and professor, USDAARS, Dep. of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108.

Received for publication December 2, 1983.

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