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Effect of Stratification for Percent Protein in Two Soybean Populations¹

Two populations of soybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merr., each having at least one parent with high percent seed protein, were studied to determine the effects of selection for percent protein in an early generation (F₂ or F₃) upon percent seed protein, percent seed oil, and seed yield in later generations (F₄ and F₆). The populations were stratified as follows: from 60 F₂ plants in one population the 10 highest, the 10 lowest, and 10 intermediate in percent protein were selected; similarly, from 60 F₃ lines of the other population the 10 highest, 10 lowest, and 10 intermediate in protein were selected. Resulting F₄ lines of both populations were grown in replicated yield tests at two locations. On the basis of mean percent protein in these tests, the five highest lines of the high group, the five lowest of the low, and five intermediate from the intermediate group of each population were identified. Two plant progenies of each selected line were advanced to the F₆ generation and grown in replicated yield tests at two locations. There was a significant correlation between early generations and subsequent generations for percent protein indicating that early classification of plants or lines is useful. Although there was a negative ~orrelation between percent protein and seed yield and between percent protein and percent oil, F₆ lines with desirable combinations of percent protein, percent oil, and seed yield were identified. The majority of these lines traced to the intermediate protein stratum established in the early generation.

Key Words: Glycine max (L.) Merr. • Soybean breeding • Seed yield • Percent oil • Protein-oil-yield relatioships

² Formerly graduate research assistant (now research station manager and soybean breeder, DeKalb-Pfizer Genetics, Beaman, IA 50609) and professor emeritus, Dep. of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108.

Received for publication March 8, 1982.

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