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Evaluation of Alien Chromosome Addition and Recombinant Isolines of Wheat¹

Chromosome addition isolines (2n=44) and a recombinant isoline (2n=42) of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were developed by selection of hemizygous or heterozygous plants having a blue aleurone (BA) gene from Elytrigia pontica (Podp.) Holub (syn. Agropyron elongatum (Host) P.B.) for 12 generations. This method of producing spontaneous interspecific chromosome recombination was simple to apply and had the advantage of simultaneously producing isolines. The BA isolines were compared to their nonblue aleurone (NBA) counterparts in field experiments. Protein and lysine percentage in the grain was enhanced by 15 to 20% in the 2n=44 BA addition lines, but no enhancement was found in the 2n=42 BA recombinant line. The enhanced protein in the addition lines was associated with lower fertility, grain yield, and kernel weight while these defects were not found in the BA recombinant line. Increased spikelet number, spike length, and rachis internode length, were expressed in BA recombinant and addition lines. Thus, those characters were intiuenced by the Elytrigia chromosome, but the enhanced protein effect was largely attributed to effects of aneuploidy. Reduced fertility in the BA addition isolines was believed to be the primary cause for lower grain yield and higher grain protein concentration than in NBA (2n=42) lines.

Key Words: Elytrigia pontica (Podp.) Holub • Agropyron elongatum (Host) P.B. • Triticum aestivum L. • Isogenic lines • Blue aleurone • Grain protein • Lysine • Alien gene transfer

² Former postgraduate research agronomist (present address: Dep. of Genetics, Univ. of California, Davis, CA 95616), and professor, respectively.

Received for publication May 2, 1983.