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Five seed quality factors (gossypol, oil, protein, and kernel percentages, and seed index) were measured for 36 Texas race stocks of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and three controls. Linear correlation coefficients were then calculated for all possible combinations of the five traits taken two at a time to determine whether those traits were related in this material.
Texas race stocks were detected with significantly higher gossypol, oil, or protein percentages than the controls, but not with higher kernel percentages or seed indexes. Positive relationships were demonstrated between kernel and oil percentage (r = 0.71), kernel and protein percentage (r = 0.62), kernel percentage and seed index (r = 0.62), and protein percentage and seed index (r = 0.48). A negative relationship existed between seed index and gossypol percentage (r = –0.47). Gossypol level among the stocks was not related to the percentages of oil, protein, or kernel in the seed. In these stocks, increasing gossypol percentage for host plant resistance should not cause a reduction in quantity of oil or protein in the seed.
Key Words: Gossypol percentage Gossypium hirsutum L. Oil percentage Protein percentage Kernel percentage Seed index
2 Research chemist, USDA-ARS, College Station, TX 77841 and research geneticist, USDA-ARS, Brownsville, TX 78520, respectively.
Received for publication May 1, 1981.
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