Crop Science Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education
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Published in Crop Sci 22:357-361 (1982)
© 1982 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Fertility, Cytological Stability, and Phenotypic Traits of Backcross Progeny of an Arachis Amphiploid1

R. J. Peters, C. E. Simpson and O. D. Smith2

The possibility of introgressing Arachis spegazzinii Krap. & Greg. nom. nud. (GKP 10038, PI 262133) into three botanical varieties of A. hypogaea L. was examined. Ease of crossing, chromosome number segregation, and the penetrance and segregation of morphological characters are reported. The amphiploid (A. spegazzinii x A. hypogaea) (6x) was backcrossed to three cultivars representing three botanical varieties of peanut. Ease of crossing with the amphiploid plant was successively less from A. vulgaris Hartz (spanish) to A. fastigiata Waldron (Valencia) to A. hypogaea L. (Virginia). Variations in crossing success were also found among plants within a cultivar. Most of the backcross progeny had 50 chromosomes, but aneuploids were also identified. Second-generation hybrid progenies from the first backcross (BC1F2) varied in chromosome number from 41 to 57, and the BC1F3 plants varied from 40 to 58. No BC1F2 plants had a stable chromosome number.

Plant type, flower color, and fruit form gave evidence for the presence of exotic germplasm. Agronomically desirable fruit characters were found in BC1F3 plants.

Key Words: Interspecific hybridization • Backcross • Groundnut • Peanut • Amphiploid

1 Contribution from the Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Texas A&M Univ., College Station. TA No. 16728. Part of a Ph.D, dissertation submitted by the senior author.

2 Former graduate fellow, Soil and Crop Sci. Dep., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843; associate professor, Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Stephenville, TX 76401; and associate professor, Soil and Crop Sci. Dep., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843.

Received for publication April 10, 1981.




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Copyright © 1982 by the Crop Science Society of America.