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Effect of Awn Length and Naked Caryopsis on Malting Quality of Betzes Barley¹

Plant breeders at the Montana Agruicultural Experiment Station developed four isogenic ‘Betzes’ lines from a Betzes*7/‘Sermo’ barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cross. The four isogenes were long-awned covered (Lk₂Lk₂NN), long-awned naked (Lk₂Lk₂nn) short-awned covered (lk₂lk₂NN), and short-awned naked (lk₂lk₂nn). These lines and Betzes were grown in a total of 11 environments in the western United States in 1970 and 1973.

Of the four experimental isogenic lines, the two covered types produced the most grain and were similar to Betzes in this trait. The long-awned naked line produced 91%, and the short-awned naked 89%, of Betzes. Grain from each location was malted separately. Long awns produced significantly heavier kernels, higher percentage of plump kernels, lower diastatic power, and lower alpha amylase activity than short awns. Naked caryopsis conditioned significantly higher barley protein content, higher malt extract, a higher finecoarse grind extract difference, lower kernel weight, lower percentage of plump kernels, lower kernel color score, lower wort color, lower wort N:malt N, lower diastatic power, and lower alpha amylase activity than the covered caryopsis. Genotypes with the covered allele averaged about 10% greater grain yield than did the naked genotypes.

Key Words: Isolines • Grain protein • Fine grind extract • Diastatic power • Plump barley • Hordeum vulgare L. •

² Cereal technologist, Montana Agric. Exp. Stn. and research agronomist, AR-SEA, USDA, Bozeman, MT 59717.

Received for publication April 21, 1980.

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