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Influence of Indeterminate Growth Habit on Yield and Irrigation Water-use Efficiency in Upland Cotton¹

Based on their growth habit, 12 cultivars of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) were placed in four groups designated as I) High Plains-determinate, 2) High Plains.moderately determinate, 3) High Plains-indeterminate, and 4) non High Plains-indeterminate. These cultivar groups were grown at three moisture levels at Lubbock, Texas, and evaluated for their degree of indeterminate growth habit, earliness of crop maturity, lint yield, and irrigation water-use efficiency. The purpose of our study was to determine the relationships between indeterminacy, lint yield, and irrigation water-use efficiency.

The indeterminate groups of cultivars had higher lint yields at all moisture levels than did the determinate groups. Irrigation water-use efficiency of all cultivars was higher at the intermediate moisture level (preplant irrigation) than at the higher moisture level (full irrigation). At the intermediate moisture level, the indeterminate cu]tivars had a higher irrigation water-use efficiency than did the determinate cultivars. The determinate cultivars had a higher irrigation water-use efficiency than the indeterminate cultivars at the higher moisture level. Correlation analyses between individual cultivar indeterminacy values and lint yield and irrigation wateruse efficiency suggested that a cotton cultivar with a relatively inteterminate growth habit is better adapted in an environment with seasonally limited soil moisture than a cotton cultivar with a relatively determinate growth habit.

Key Words: Gossypium hirsutum L. • Earliness of crop maturity • Dryland cotton production

² Research geneticist and plant physiologist, Oklahoma-Texas Area, Southern Region, ARS, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79401.

Received for publication February 2, 1976.

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