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Cytoplasmic Homology between Aegilops squarrosa L. and A. cylindrica Host.¹

Fully fertile plants of normal vigor, normal chromosome number, and normal meiotic pairing resulted from substitution backcrosses involving autotetraploid Aegilops squarrosa L. (4x=28;DDDD) or A cylindrica Host. (2n=28;CCDD) as the females, and Triticum aestivum L. em Thell. as the recurrent male parent. However, the addition of a D-genome chromosome to the T. durum Desf. nucleus was necessary to obtain alloplasmic T. durum with A. squarrosa or A. cylindrica cytoplasm. These 29-chromosome plants had complete female fertility, but they produced a large proportion of shriveled, inviable seeds (or semilethal seedlings), and a few plump, viable seeds from crosses with euplasmic T. durum. They had sporadic partial seed set on selfed heads. Most of the plump seeds again produced 29-chromosome plants. Apparently, shriveled, inviable seeds had 28-chromosome zygotes. These nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions indicate cytoplasmic homology between A. squarrosa and A. cylindrica.

Key Words: Nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction • Preferential zygote elimination • Triticum aestivum L. • Triticum durum Desf. • Kernel plumpness • Genome substitution

² Professor of agronomy, North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND 58102.

Received for publication December 4, 1975.