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Fertility of 17 Colchicine-induced Perennial Triticeae Amphiploids Through Four Generations¹

Seed set and pollen stainability were determined for 17 perennial colchicine-induced amphiploids (2n=42 or 56) derived from sterile triploid and tetraploid F₁ hybrids of Agropyron, Elymus, Hordeum, and Sitanion species. Chromosome doubling restored fertility; however, the level of fertility in the originally doubled hybrids (C₀ generation) declined in advanced generations. Fertility stabilized in most hexaploids after the C₁ generation, whereas fertility of most octoploids continued to decline. Seed set (seeds/spike) of nine hexaploid amphiploids averaged 17.5, 18.9, and 17.4 in the C₁, C₂, and C₃ generations, respectively. Eight octoploid amphiploids averaged 8.1, 9.1, and 4.2 seeds/spike, respectively, over the same three generations. Synthesis of fertile Triticeae grass species appears to be feasible at the hexaploid level but not at the octoploid level.

Key Words: Agropyron • Elymus • Hordeum • Sitanion • Segmental autoalloploid • Seed set • Pollen stainability • Speciation • Interspecific hybrids • Intergeneric hybrids

² Research geneticists, ARS, USDA, Logan, UT 84322.

Received for publication January 19, 1976.