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Influence of Environment on Seed Quality of Four Cotton Cultivars¹

Oil content, protein content, seed index, and percent immature seed were determined on 136 cottonseed samples (Gossypium hirsutum L.) from the 1973 National Cotton Variety Tests. Samples of four cultivars from two replications at 17 locations were used to study seed quality parameters. Environment influenced the level of oil and seed maturity far more than did the cultivars. A differential response of cultivars across the 17 environments for oil content and seed maturity was explained on the basis of genotypic differences in growth and fruiting patterns and their response to diverse climates. Cultivars had as much influence on protein content as environmental conditions but no interaction was detected. The results indicate that breeders might find it more feasible to screen for protein content than oil content, unless greater diversity for oil content can be found in cotton germplasm.

Key Words: Immature seeds • Quality parameters • Gossypium hirsutum L.

² Research agronomist, research geneticist, and research agronomist, respectively, ARS, USDA. Cotton Quality Lab., Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37916.

Received for publication September 27, 1975.